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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Inside Out not conflict with an existing account, or you can opt to replace or rename the migrated accounts. If you select the Replace Conflicting Accounts option, you can remove the existing user rights, remove the user accounts from the group, and move the existing accounts to another OU. Chapter 9 9 Set password migration options The password complexity level specified in the destination domain might exceed the actual password complexity of the user passwords stored in the source domain (especially for Windows NT 4 domains). In the Group Member Password Options dialog box (see the following screen), you can require complex passwords, reset the password to be the same as the user name, or migrate the existing passwords. You can also specify where to store the password file. 266
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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Migrating to Windows Server 2003 See the following screen: 7 Specify object properties to migrate When you are migrating from a Windows 2000 or Windows Server 2003 domain, you can select the properties of the object to include or exclude during the migration (as shown in the following screen). All of the available properties are included by default for each of the objects (group, user, and, in the case of Windows Server 2003, InetOrgPerson). Chapter 9 8 Specify how naming conflicts are handled You can configure how the wizard handles naming conflicts during the migration (see the following screen). You can select the Ignore Conflicting Accounts And Don t Migrate option to move accounts that do 265
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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Inside Out Chapter 9 You can also instruct the wizard to copy over the members of the group (by selecting the Copy Group Members option) at the same time it copies over the group to the destination domain. This option is not selected by default. If not selected, it results in a group created in the destination domain. If you choose to have the wizard migrate over the users with the group, you also have the option to compare groups in the source and destination domains that have previously been migrated and to update information that has changed since the last migration. To do this, select the Update Previously Migrated Objects option. This is particularly useful in a migration scenario that is being done over an extended period of time because it allows you to migrate the information repeatedly until you re ready to decommission the source domains. In general, if you re migrating users from one domain to another, you normally want them to be added to any groups in the destination domain to which they belonged in the source domain. To add all migrated users to corresponding groups in the destination domain, select the Fix Membership Of Group option (which is selected by default). To provide user accounts with the SID history (which provides the users the capability to continue to access resources whose ACLs are dependent upon the SIDs from the previous domain), you must select the Migrate Group SIDs To Target Domain option (which is the default for Windows NT 4 but is not selected by default when migrating from Windows 2000). In addition, you have the option to determine how the migrated accounts are named. By default, the Do Not Rename Accounts option is selected, and yet if needed, you can specify either a prefix or a suffix to be added to the account names. If a conflict between a migrated account and an existing account occurs, the settings in the Naming Conflicts dialog box determine how the account is named. To migrate SIDs, the following conditions must exist: Auditing must be enabled If auditing is not enabled on the source domain PDC, you are informed of this and are prompted to enable it if you want to be able to migrate SIDs to the destination domain. A $$$ group must exist The logical group $$$ must exist on the source domain PDC; if it doesn t exist, you are prompted to create it. A registry key must be added A registry key called TcpipClientSupport must be implemented on the source domain PDC; if it doesn t exist, you are prompted to create it. Once you have the wizard set these changes, it prompts you to reboot the source domain PDC to ensure that the changes are implemented. 6 Provide administrative credentials for migrating SID histories When migrating from a Windows NT 4 source domain, you are prompted to supply the credentials required to migrate the group accounts (the user account must be a member of the Domain Admins group). 264
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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Migrating to Windows Server 2003 Although selecting the target OU is an easy thing to do in the dialog box, the decisions behind the selection of the OU to which you migrate these groups require substantial consideration. Chapter 9 5 Specify group information to migrate The Group Options dialog box (as shown in the following screen) allows you to control a variety of factors about which information is migrated. Select the Update User Rights option essentially to migrate the assigned user rights in the source domain over to the destination domain (this is the default option for Windows NT 4, but is not selected by default when migrating from Windows 2000). 263
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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Inside Out When migrating Windows 2000 or Windows Server 2003 groups, verify that you can PING the Domain Name System (DNS) name of the remote domain controller. When migrating Windows NT 4 groups, you can use the NET USE command line to verify connection to the remote primary domain controller (PDC). Tip Ensure user account exists in source domain The user account that is running the migration tool must exist in the source domain and must be a member of the Domain Admins group in the source domain. If you do not have a corresponding user account in the source domain with the correct group membership, you will receive an access denied error. 3 Choose groups to migrate You must select the groups that you want to migrate from the source domain to your destination domain. Click Add, click Advanced, and then click Find Now to see a list of groups available to be migrated. Select the groups to migrate, and click OK two times for the groups to be added to the Groups Selected list. Don t include built-in groups, such as Domain Admins or Domain Users, because they can t be migrated. For example, if you select Domain Users as shown in the following screen, it causes a migration error. To remove the group from the list, select it and then click Remove. Chapter 9 4 Choose target organizational unit Next you are prompted to select the organizational unit (OU) to which you want to migrate the groups (as shown in the screen on the following page). This is a significant decision, because the policies that are applied to this OU are immediately applied to the groups you are migrating. 262
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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Migrating to Windows Server 2003 2 Specify source and target domains You are next prompted to specify the source of the migration information (the source domain) and the domain to which you want the information to be transferred (the target domain). The set of recognized domains is available to be selected from the drop-down list, or you can enter the name of the domain to be used in the migration (as shown in the following screen). Chapter 9 Network connectivity between source and destination domains is essential to the migration process. If you enter the name of a domain that ADMT cannot locate, it displays the error message, The network path was not found - (Error code 53), domain = with the domain name appended to the end of the error message. 261
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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Inside Out Tip You must move any domain local groups in Windows 2000 that are referenced by security descriptors in the source domain controller prior to migrating the server to the destination domain. Migrating Global Groups Migrating groups prior to migrating users from one domain to another is a good idea. Global groups are restricted to having members that exist within the (current) domain. As a result, if you migrate users from a source domain to a destination domain and groups have not yet been migrated, the migrated users cannot be part of a group that is in the source domain. They can be part of a group only in the destination domain; thus, they cannot be part of their original group. Once the groups are migrated, group membership will be restored, yet it leaves a window of opportunity for users to attempt to log on prior to the group membership being reconstructed. Migrating the global groups from the source domain to the destination domain prior to migrating the users creates the corresponding groups in the destination domain and provides for continuity of group membership throughout the migration process. As in the migration of users, when the groups are migrated to the destination domain, they receive the SID from the new domain, and the SID from the source domain is appended to the SID history for the group. Chapter 9 Tip Windows 2000 global groups migrate as universal Migrating global groups from a Windows 2000 Native-mode domain results in those groups being established in the destination domain as universal groups (this is done to support members from the Windows 2000 domain that have yet to be migrated). Using the Group Account Migration Wizard To migrate the global group accounts (and optionally the users they contain), run the Group Account Migration Wizard on the Action menu in ADMT. The migration process for group accounts follows these steps: 1 Choose whether to migrate or test The Group Account Migration Wizard starts by letting you choose whether you simply want to test the effects of migrating to groups (as ADMT is currently configured). As shown in the screen on the following page, both the Test The Migration Settings And Migrate Later option and the Migrate Now option are available if you have not yet run a migration test on migrating the global groups, you should do this prior to selecting the Migrate Now option. 260
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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Migrating to Windows Server 2003 5 Use the Security Translation Wizard to migrate user profiles (which you select on the Translate Objects page). 6 Use the Group Migration Wizard to migrate shared local groups (on the Group Options page, select only the Migrate Group SIDs To Target Domain and the Do Not Rename Accounts options). 7 Use the User Migration Wizard to move service accounts to the destination domain. 8 Migrate service account rights by using the Security Translation Wizard, selecting the source domain computers containing the account rights. On the Translate Objects page, click the User Rights and Local Groups options, and on the User Account page, enter the (destination domain) account with Administrator permissions. 9 Upgrade, then migrate the domain controllers. Migrating Group Accounts Prior to migrating local and global groups you should use the Group Mapping and Merging Wizard to map source groups to corresponding groups in the destination domain. The Group Mapping and Merging Wizard also enables the merging of group members from multiple groups in the source domain to a group in the destination domain. You can use the Test The Migration Settings And Migrate Later option, which enables you to verify that the group mapping and/or merging will occur successfully once implemented. The information used by the Group Mapping and Merging Wizard to specify group mapping between the source and destination domains is ignored if the group is migrated to the destination domain. If the group was originally mapped from a group in the source domain to a group in the destination domain, this mapping will be redirected to the group in the destination domain. Chapter 9 Tip The Default Domain Policy rights assigned to groups in a Windows 2000 source domain are ignored by the migration process. Migrating Local Groups During the migration process, ADMT handles local groups differently than global groups. When a source domain is using shared local groups to provide access permissions to resources, the Group Account Migration Wizard should be used to migrate the shared local groups to the destination domain. When migrating local groups to a new domain, if the group members are being migrated as part of the process, the members are automatically added to the new local group in the destination domain. In cases in which the member belongs to a domain that is trusted by the destination and source domains, it is identified by its source domain SID, and when the member already belongs to the destination domain, it is added using its destination domain SID. In cases in which the name of the group member is not in the destination domain, nor in any domain that it trusts, the user name will not be added to the migrated local group as a member.
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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Inside Out Performing the Migration: An Overview Performing a domain migration from Windows NT or another Windows 2000 or Windows Server 2003 forest requires an existing destination domain (to which you are migrating) as well as an established trust relationship between source and destination domains. To migrate a Windows NT account domain to Windows Server 2003, you must perform the following procedures, each of which is discussed as appropriate later in this chapter: 1 Establish the destination domain (which must be running in Windows 2000 Native mode or Windows Server 2003 mode). 2 Use Active Directory Domains and Trusts to create a trust relationship between the source and destination domains. Be sure to migrate the trusts (by using the Trust Migration Wizard in ADMT) prior to migrating user and service accounts and local groups. 3 Use the Group Migration Wizard to migrate the global groups to the destination domain. Migrating global groups with users can be a less-bandwidth-intensive means of migrating users because it avoids the enumeration of users, which can take considerable time if there are many. Chapter 9 Tip Migrating distribution groups to a domain that has a security group by the same name results in the migrated distribution group becoming a security group. 4 Employ the User Migration Wizard to migrate users to the destination domain (existing users in the domain are not affected by this migration process). By default, migrated users are required to change their password upon first logon, and the accounts are locked until passwords are reset. This can present problems if the User Cannot Change Password option is set in the destination domain, because users won t be able to change their password and thus will be locked out of their accounts. Tip If migrating a resource domain, use the Service Account Migration Wizard to discover service accounts. To migrate a resource domain, you must perform these procedures, each of which is discussed as appropriate later in the chapter: 1 Establish the destination domain. 2 Create trusts between source and destination domains by using Active Directory Domains and Trusts. 3 Use the Service Account Migration Wizard to discover service accounts. 4 Use the Computer Migration Wizard to migrate computer accounts (both servers and workstations). A software agent will reboot the computer; thus, the default startup option must be set to boot to the correct operating system. (You must log on to the source domain as Administrator to use this wizard.) 258
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Part 3: Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations Migrating to Windows Server 2003 Migrating Security Principals One of the most critical aspects of a migration is how to move security principals (such as users, groups, and computers) from one domain to another. This can get somewhat complicated in that part of the SID for each security principal is a domain SID, which of course must be changed when moved to the new domain. When you consider that the SIDs are used to regulate user access to resources on the network, migration must accomplish moving the users information to the new domain while retaining their existing access to resources. In Windows networks, user access to network resources is managed by the use of access control lists (ACLs) that specify SIDs of users and groups allowed to access the resource. For each resource (such as network shares, folders, files, printers), SIDs are applied, delineating not only which users and groups can access the resource but also the type of access that they will have, such as Read-Only permissions, Read/Write permissions, and so on. An access token, which contains not only the user s SIDs, but also the SIDs of every group to which the user belongs, is assigned to a user at the point of logon to the network. In the process of accessing a resource, the user s SIDs are compared to the SIDs assigned to the network resource. If the ACL on the network resource indicates that the user should have the type of access requested (such as Read access), the access is granted. By default, when you migrate a security principal from a source domain to the destination domain, the destination domain s SID becomes part of the user s SIDs; thus, although the user name remains the same, the underlying SID is different, reflecting the new domain to which the user is assigned. Yet, in performing a migration, part of the objective is to maintain the users existing access to network resources. To accomplish this, a history of the SIDs associated with a security principal is created (the SID history), which maintains the SIDs from the previous domain that were associated with the security principal. During network logon, in addition to the new SIDs associated with the new domain, the historic SIDs associated with the previous domain are also appended to the access token created for that user. Chapter 9 Inside Out Use of SID history Because the ACLs on network resources reference SIDs to control access, once the source accounts are no longer available because the domain is being decommissioned, the applied (source domain) SIDs in the ACLs will no longer be resolvable. Access to resources continues to work, however, because Windows Server 2003 accesses the SID history and provides name resolution. You can progressively assign the security principals defined in your new domain to these resources and clean up the SID history.
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