Managing the Registry Tip Restrict changes to global (Fedora web server)
Managing the Registry Tip Restrict changes to global settings by using the Classes subkey If you don t want users to be able to set their own file associations, you could change the permissions on HKLMSOFTWAREClasses so users can t alter the global settings you want them to have. For more information about Registry permissions, see the section entitled Securing the Registry later in this chapter. Registry Data: How It Is Stored and Used Now that you know more about the Registry s structure, let s take a look at the actual data within the Registry. Understanding how Registry data is stored and used is just as important as understanding the Registry structure. Where Registry Data Comes From As mentioned previously, some Registry data is created dynamically at boot time and some is stored on disk so it can be used each time you boot a computer. The dynamically created data is volatile, meaning that when you shut down the system, it is gone. For example, as part of the boot process Ntdetect.com scans for system devices and uses the results to build the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINEHARDWARE subkey. The information stored in this key exists only in memory and isn t stored anywhere on disk. On the other hand, Registry data stored on disk is persistent. When you shut down a system, this Registry data remains on disk and is available the next time you boot the system. Some of this stored information is very important, especially when it comes to recovering from boot failure. For example, by using the information stored in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE SYSTEMCurrentControlSet, you can boot using the Last Known Good configuration. If the Registry data was corrupted, however, this information might not be available and the only way to recover the system would be to try repairing the installation or reinstalling the operating system. To help safeguard the system and ensure that one section of bad data doesn t cause the whole Registry to fail to load, Windows Server 2003 has several built- in redundancies and fail safes. For starters, the Registry isn t written to a single file. Instead, it is written to a set of files called hives. There are six main types of hives, each representing a group of keys and values. Most of the hives are written to disk in the %SystemRoot%System32Config directory. Within this directory, you ll find these hive files: . .DEFAULT, which corresponds to the HKEY_USERS.DEFAULT subkey . SAM, which corresponds to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESAM subkey . SECURITY, which corresponds to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESECURITY subkey . SOFTWARE, which corresponds to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWARE subkey . SYSTEM, which corresponds to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEM subkey Chapter 14 Part 4: Managing Windows Server 2003 Systems
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